Los bobos de Coria, como Rajoy y sus Corifeos (John Müller, en el Mundo) se dan palmaditas en la espalda porque España ha cambiado la mismísima ley de Okun: ya crea empleo con crecimientos prácticamente bajísimos.Parece que al fin, España se ha convertido en la nueva Alemania como nos prometían hace poco. ¿Qué empleo, qué crecimiento, qué PIB? Ya he manifestado mis dudas sobre que este PIB esté bien calculado: ha roto su relación funcional con los factores. Ha caído mucho menos que estos durante la fase de caída.Otra cosa es la clase y calidad del empleo que se está creando. Si el empleo sube, a la vez que el total de horas trabajadas cae, se esta creando un empleo de muy baja calidad, de contratos eventuales sin futuro y mal pagados. Eso es lo que se quería la reforma laboral: bajar el coste del empleo a costa del trabajador (no a costa de los intereses fiscales). Y lo han conseguido.
El resto de contratos, hasta completar el total de 1.645.236 del mes de julio de 2014, son 22.389 de carácter formativo y 1.508.776 otro tipo de contratos temporales. Dentro de este último grupo destacan: Obra o Servicio Determinado -de jornada a tiempo completo-, con 407.621 (24,78%), seguido de Eventuales por Circunstancia de la Producción -con jornada a tiempo completo-, con 403.500 (24,53%). Los contratos temporales con jornada a tiempo parcial ascienden a 580.594 (35,29%).
Por último, ¿qué tipo de gasto está tirando del carro de la demanda? El sector público, cada vez más endeudado, encastillado en sus privilegios.
Pero dėjense de leyes de Okun y bajen a la tierra, coño, que se está preparando una tormenta financiera que nos va a tener que afectar aunque no quieran verlo. Primero, EEUU está empezando q normalizar su política monetaria, y sus tipo de interés van a subir. Segundo, las medidas financieras contra Rusia van a ser replicadas por Putin, y el efecto boomerang no va a ser baladí. Además, Europa se está enfriemos, Italia cae de nuevo en recesión, y a la UE no se le ocurre más que recertarle lo de siempre: que aumente los impuestos para que el déficit no suba más allá de lo presquiroLes recomiendo a estos simples pero malévolos durmientes que lean el artículo de Lorenzo Bini Smaghi, en el que advierte que si el BCE no inicia una compra generalizada de instrumentos de amplio espectro y sin limitaciones, desgraciadamente los tipos de interés europeos van a empujar para arriba y ese "milagro" español que ven los John Müller va a ser un simple espejismo.
A year ago, when the Fed hinted at tapering, the reaction differed across regions. In several emerging markets rates started rising, reflecting a reassessment of the risk profile of several larger economies, such as Turkey, Brazil or Russia, leading to massive capital outflows towards safe havens. The eurozone, on the contrary, was not affected much, benefiting itself from capital inflows coming in from emerging markets. Global investors had reassessed their view of the eurozone economy, in light of the interest rate convergence between member countries produced by the European Central Bank’s "whatever it takes" announcement, but also of the concrete progress realised in the implementation of banking union and the prospects for a strengthening economic recovery. As the tail risks in the euro seemed to fade away, international investors did not want to be overweight in one currency only, and a large part of the outflow from emerging markets landed in the eurozone, strengthening the euro exchange rate.
This time around the repercussions might be different. The reassessment of emerging markets’ overall risks seems to have ended, with some notable exceptions (Russia). There are increasing signs that funds are flowing back towards the most dynamic emerging economies. In the eurozone, instead, theeconomic recovery has stalled and the risks of deflation have increased. Long-term rates have continued to fall, but remain higher than the nominal gross domestic product growth rate in the periphery, thus continuing to make the deleveraging of the public and private sectors quite painful. Uncertainties have also emerged again about the health of the banking system in some countries and about the viability of banks’ business models in a slow growth, low interest rate environment.
The only way to avoid such a scenario is for the ECB to counteract the restrictive effects produced by the combination of a US monetary tightening and renewed market turbulence. The measures announced so far do not seem to be sufficient, as their effectiveness largely relies on the prevailing demand for bank financing coming from European companies, which currently seem to have little incentive to invest and still need to deleverage. The ECB’s balance sheet might thus continue to shrink, while the economic recovery slows down.Forward guidance, which aims primarily at short-term policy rates, may lose credibility as it is unable to prevent the rise in long-term rates.
The only alternative is to step up the action aimed at further easing monetary policy. This can be done either in a pre-emptive or in a reactive way. If the ECB acts pre-emptively, by increasing the size of its balance sheet, and thus of the money supply, before tensions arise in financial markets, it can rely on a broader set of instruments and is less likely to be constrained on the type of assets to be purchased. Under these circumstances, markets will be affected more by the liquidity injected in the system than by the type of assets purchased by the central bank.
Y desde luego obligar a Renzi que eleve los impuestos ahora es mero suicidio, pero si se lo piden a Italia en recesión, imaginen a quienes se lo van a pedir a continuación.
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